Neodymium

= **__Neodymium __** Neodymium is pronounced as **nee-eh-DIM-i-em****.** =

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Name of the element and how it got it's name: Neodymium-Named from the Greek words neos and didymos, which together mean "new twin."--- Derived from Greek "νέος διδύμος" (neos didymos), means "new twin", because Didymium separated into Praseodymium and Neodymium, when they gave salts of different colors. Who discovered it- Carl F. Auer von Welsbach, a German chemist

When was it discovered-1885

Symbol, Atomic Number, and Atomic Mass---Nd, 60, 144.24  a. Source of the symbol- Each element is assigned a chemical symbol. This symbol usually originates from its name or its Latin name.

﻿ Number of protons, neutrons, and electrons---60, 84.24, 60

Physical facts:
 *  a. Melting point- 1294 K (1021°C or 1870°F)
 *  b. Boiling point- 3347 K (3074°C or 5565°F)
 *  c. Density- 7.01 grams per cubic centimeter d.
 *  d. Abundance in the Earth’s crust (crust includes air, water, and land)--- 4.15×10  1 milligrams per kilogram(crust) 2.8×10 -6 milligrams per liter(oceanic)

Uses (how the element is used)--- Neodymium makes up about 18% of Misch metal, a material that is used to make flints for lighters. Neodymium is also a component of didymium glass, which is used to make certain types of welder's and glass blower's goggles. Neodymium is added to glass to remove the green color caused by iron contaminants. It can also be added to glass to create violet, red or gray colors. Some types of glass containing neodymium are used by astronomers to calibrate devices called spectrometers and other types are used to create artificial rubies for lasers. Some neodymium salts are used to color enamels and glazes.

Interesting Facts: Carl F. Auer von Welsbach seperated neodymium, as well as the element praseodymium, from a material known as didymium. Neodymium contstitues 38 ppm of earth's crust. Tarnishes rapidly when exposed to air. Makes up magnets.

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