Beryllium

By Shelby Perkins



Atomic Number: ﻿4 Atomic symbol: ﻿Be Atomic weight: 9.01218 Electron Configuration: [He]2s^2 Atomic Radius : 113.3 pm Melting point: 1287 °C Boiling Point: 2471 °C Oxidation states: 2 Berylllium used to be called Glucinium or Glucinum. (a name that retains in some other countrys) Both element names refer to the sweet taste of beryllium. though it tastes sweet it is toxic, chronic exposure to beryllium (often inhaled) can leave to a life-threatening desease called berylliosis, an allergic responce in the lungs, associated with berryllium mining or exposure to florecent lightbulbs. this condition is not treatable. Beryllium was discovered in the form of oxide by Vauquelin in both Beryl and emeralds in 1798. The metal was isolated in 1828.

**SOURCES**

 * beryllium is found In dome 30 mineral species, the most important of which are bertrandite, Beryl, Chrysoberyl, and phenacite. Aquamarine and emerald are preciouse forms of beryl.Beryl and bertrandite are the most importand commercial sources of the element and its compounds. Most of the metal is now prepared by reducing beryllium fluoride with magnesiom metal. Beryllium metal. beryllium metal did not become available to industry untim 1957**

**PROPERTIES**

 * The metal, steel gray color, has many disirable properties. As one of the lightest of all metals, it has one of the highest melting points of light metals. Its modulus of elasticity is about one third greater than that of steel. It resists attack by concentrated nitric acid, has excellent thermal conductivity, and is nonmagnetic. it has a high permeablility to X-rays and when bombarded by alpha particles, as form radium, or polonium, neutrons are produced in the amount of about 30 neutrons/million alpha particles**

**USES**

 * Beryllium is used as an alloying agent in producing beryllium copper, which is extensively used for springs, electrical contacts, spot-welding eletrodes, and non-sparking tools. It is applied as a structural material for high-speer aircraft, missiles, spacecraft, and communication satellites. Other uses includes windshield frame, brake discs****beryllium is relatively transparant to X-rays, ultra thin Be-foil is finding use in X ra lithography for reproduction of micro miniature integrated circuits. Beryllium is used in nuclear reactors as a reflector or moderator for it has a low thermal neutron absorbtion cross section.**
 * it has uses in gyroscopes, computer parts, and instruments where lightness, stiffnes and, demensional stability is required.**

**BERYL**

 * acording to the Revalation Paning Journals, "Beryl is colourless and impurities are what causes variouse colors ranging through colorless to the deepest blue green . Nearly all tranclusent each color has a distinct name." [[image:beryl.jpg width="343" height="383"]]__sources__**
 * CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics**
 * American Chemical society**
 * [|http://Perioic.lanl.gov/elements/4.html]**